Though sessile, plant survives in this constantly
changing world. They face both biotic and abiotic stress in the natural
environment. They rely on an intricate network of sensing, signaling and
adaptative behaviour that enable them to perceive the changes and adjust them
in the changing environments by adjusting their physiology and biochemistry.
Understanding this hidden language offers valuable insights into plant
resilience and opens new possibilities for sustainable agriculture,
biodiversity conservation, and adaptation to this changing climate world.
Scientists have been trying to lessen the
negative effects of stress on crop productivity through genetic engineering but
with incomplete success. Even if many genes involved in plant abiotic stress
signaling and response have been identified, interpreting the knowledge into
crops with enhanced stress resistance remains thought-provoking.
Plants vigorously respond to stress in ways
that may slow growth but ultimately encourage survival. The challenges of
increasing crop or agricultural productivity to meet the demands of a growing
population, linking descriptions of physiological, ecological, biochemical and
molecular activity in plants with their tolerance and adaptation to natural
environments. In the case of plants, a stress is an adverse condition or
substance that affects or blocks a plant's metabolism, growth, or development.
The threat to productivity in crops and agriculture due to these stresses
cannot be overstated, nor overlooked, especially in light of climate change.
Non-heritable modifications in morphological,
physiological or biochemical characteristics tend to reduce or decrease growth
and productivity, and sometimes lead to death.
An exhaustive overview of the specific effects and
modifications that could occur in this regard, and will serve to consolidate
the ideas to promote standardization of plant adaptation to these changes in
the environment.
Still, we know little about the molecular mechanisms
underlying stress sensing in spite of its importance. In principle, any early
perturbations in a cellular component in reply to the stress can serve as a stress-sensing
mechanism as long as the alarm is recognized and augmented by molecular
machineries in the cell. As soon as a stress is sensed by the plant cell, the
signal is communicated and amplified by second messengers such as calcium (Ca),
reactive oxygen species (ROS), phospholipids, and nitric oxide (NO), along with
different types of protein kinases. Suppression of the stress response is
necessary to safeguard proper growth of plant when there is no stress. Irrespective,
our ability to achieve both stress resistance and high productivity is likely
to increase with a healthier understanding of the relationships between growth
and stress-response pathways.
ΓΌ Books are available here:
https://www.amazon.in/Stress-Plants-Hidden-Rishikesh-Upadhyay/dp/1527556034
https://www.amazon.in/Life-Plants-Changing-Environment/dp/1527576760
About the
Author
Dr. Rishikesh Upadhyay is an Indian writer, professor, and a researcher. He was born, grew up and lives in Bhanjang Basti,
Haflong (formerly Bhunjung), a small Nepalis’ hamlet in the district
headquarter of Dima Hasao, in the Indian states of Assam. He holds a PhD, MPhil
and an MSc from Assam University, Silchar, and a BSc Hons from Haflong
Government College.
Dr. Upadhyay’s creative and academic
writings have appeared in many literary publications both in online and print.
He is also a member of Scholars’ Academic and
Scientific Society, and Society for Advancement of Human and Nature. He can be
reached online at -
LinkedIn https://in.linkedin.com/in/rishikesh-upadhyay-814a8a1a
Pinterest https://www.pinterest.com/rishikeshupadhyaywrites
Twitter https://www.twitter.com/RKUpadhy
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